Explanation

Despite radical divergences in methodology and philosophy, both Mahatma Gandhi and Karl Marx share the ultimate end goal of a stateless society:

– Marxist view: Marx posited that the state is an instrument of class oppression by the bourgeoisie. Once a classless communist society is realized through the proletarian revolution, the state apparatus becomes redundant and naturally ’withers away’.
– Gandhian view: Gandhi envisioned an enlightened philosophical anarchy centered on Swaraj, where moral self-regulation reaches such perfection that external coercive state authority becomes unnecessary, leading to an ideal decentralized, stateless democracy of self-governing village republics.
– Differences: Marx advocated violent class struggle and total state abolition of private property, whereas Gandhi strictly adhered to Ahimsa (non-violence) and proposed the concept of Trusteeship rather than violent expropriation.

Hence, the common ground is the final goal of a stateless society — Option A.