In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around
1. women’s right to gain education
2. age of consent
3. restitution of conjugal rights
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Explanation
The Rukhmabai Case of 1884–1888 was a watershed legal battle in British colonial India regarding women’s rights and personal autonomy:
– Statement 3 is correct: Married at the age of eleven to Dadaji Bhikaji, Rukhmabai continued living with her family to pursue her studies. Years later, her husband filed a suit in the Bombay High Court demanding restitution of conjugal rights under English legal precedents.
– Statement 2 is correct: Rukhmabai refused to consummate the unconsented child marriage, asserting that a child could not consent to an adult marital union. Her public refusal and court arguments sparked intense debates across India and Britain, directly influencing the legislative enactment of the Age of Consent Act, 1891, which raised the legal age of sexual consent for girls from 10 to 12 years.
– Statement 1 is incorrect: While Rukhmabai personally championed female literacy and subsequently trained in England to become one of India’s first practicing female physicians, the formal legal litigation did not adjudicate women’s legal right to gain education.
Hence, the legal dispute revolved around 2 and 3 — Option B.