Explanation

Rolling into a spherical armor ball (conglobation) is an antipredator adaptation seen across select mammalian species:

– 1. Hedgehog (Correct): Small spiny mammals belonging to the family Erinaceidae. When threatened, strong circular muscles pull the animal into a tight sphere, concealing its soft head and underbelly beneath a continuous shield of rigid, sharp keratin spines.
– 3. Pangolin (Correct): The world’s only true scaled mammals. Under acute distress, a pangolin curls into an impenetrable spherical ball, using its overlapping keratinized scales and muscular tail to cover its soft facial features and belly.
– 2. Marmot (Incorrect): Large burrowing sciurids (squirrel family) found across alpine grasslands. Marmots escape predation by sounding shrill vocal alarms and fleeing directly into underground burrows, rather than curling into a ball.

Hence, organisms 1 and 3 display this defensive mechanism — Option D.