Question
Consider the following statements about the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):
1. MPI is calculated using the Alkire-Foster methodology.
2. NITI Aayog’s MPI has twelve indicators.
3. Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in both NITI Aayog’s and UNDP’s MPI.
Explanation
Statement 1 — Correct: Both the Global MPI and India’s National MPI use the Alkire-Foster (AF) methodology, which identifies poverty through multiple deprivations experienced together.
Statement 2 — Correct: India’s National MPI, developed by NITI Aayog, uses 12 indicators. It includes the 10 indicators of the Global MPI along with two additional indicators suited to India’s development priorities.
Statement 3 — Incorrect: The two additional indicators are Maternal Health under Health and Bank Account under Standard of Living. They are therefore specific to India’s National MPI and are not part of the 10-indicator Global MPI.
Hence, Statements 1 and 2 are correct.