Explanation
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-made proteins produced by cloning a single B-cell (white blood cell) that generates a desired antibody. Since all resulting antibodies are identical
copies of one original cell, they are called monoclonal. They are
designed to mimic the immune system’s natural ability to fight harmful pathogens.
Statement I is correct. mAbs are entirely man-made proteins, engineered in laboratories using biotechnology.
They do not occur naturally but are modelled on the body’s own immune proteins to target specific threats.
Statement II is correct. mAbs are highly specific — each is engineered to bind to a particular antigen found on the surface of pathogens or abnormal cells. This binding can neutralize the pathogen, mark it for destruction by other immune cells, or block receptors that viruses use to enter human cells. Through these mechanisms, mAbs actively stimulate and enhance the immunological response.
Statement III is correct. mAbs have been developed as therapeutic options for several
viral infections. For COVID-19, antibodies like Casirivimab and Imdevimab were widely used. For Ebola, treatments like Inmazeb and Ebanga are available. For the Nipah virus, a monoclonal antibody called m102.4 has shown significant potential and was administered under compassionate use protocols in clinical cases.
All three statements are therefore correct.